who was able to prove Ptolemy theory was wrong

The person credited with definitively proving the Ptolemaic system (also known as the geocentric model, which placed the Earth at the center of the universe) wrong was Nicolaus Copernicus. Copernicus was a Renaissance-era polymath who formulated a heliocentric model of the universe, which positioned the Sun, rather than the Earth, at the center. His work, "De revolutionibus orbium coelestium" (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), published in 1543, laid the foundation for the eventual shift away from the geocentric model.

Further observational evidence was accumulated after Copernicus's death, especially by astronomers such as Tycho Brahe, Johannes Kepler, and Galileo Galilei, who provided additional support for heliocentrism. Galileo's use of the telescope for astronomical observation provided solid and observable data, such as the phases of Venus and the moons of Jupiter, that contradicted Ptolemaic cosmology.