Which of the following results from stimulation by the sympathetic nervous system? A) release of glucose from the liver B) decreased heart rate C) stimulation of the digestive organs D) constriction of the bronchi E) decreased rate of breathing
Health · High School · Tue Nov 03 2020
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A) release of glucose from the liver.
The sympathetic nervous system is part of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for action, often referred to as the 'fight or flight' response. When the sympathetic nervous system is activated, it prompts the liver to release glucose to provide the muscles with a burst of energy.
The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) prepares the body for intense physical activity and is often referred to as the "fight or flight" response, while the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) has almost the opposite effect and relaxes the body and inhibits or slows many high energy functions.
Here's how each of the options typically relates to the activity of the autonomic nervous system:
A) Release of glucose from the liver: During stressful situations, the SNS signals the liver to release stored glucose (glycogen) into the bloodstream, increasing blood glucose levels and providing energy to cells, particularly muscle cells.
B) Decreased heart rate: This is typically a result of parasympathetic nervous system activation, which slows down the heart rate.
C) Stimulation of the digestive organs: Also associated with the parasympathetic nervous system, which promotes digestion and other "rest and digest" functions when the body is at rest.
D) Constriction of the bronchi: Bronchoconstriction is generally not a response of the SNS; rather, the SNS causes bronchodilation, which increases airflow to the lungs.
E) Decreased rate of breathing: The parasympathetic nervous system is more likely to be involved in slowing down breathing. The SNS typically increases the rate and depth of breathing to meet the oxygen demands of the body during a heightened state of activity.