What was the jizya in the Islamic Empire? a) A collection of Muslim sayings b) A style of architecture c) A tax on non-Muslims d)A title for a local leader

c) A tax on non-Muslims.

Extra: The jizya was a tax levied on non-Muslim subjects within the Islamic empire, specifically those who adhered to the Abrahamic religions that included Christianity, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism. It is sometimes referred to as a poll tax that allowed the non-Muslim populations (also known as dhimmis) to practice their religion, and in return, they were provided protection by the Muslim state and exempted from military service, given that Muslims were required to serve in the army. The concept of jizya is derived from Islamic law, or Sharia, and its practice and rate varied greatly throughout the history of various Islamic states and caliphates. The jizya served as a significant source of revenue for many Islamic states and was indicative of the Islamic empire's policy of religious tolerance towards "People of the Book", a term used in the Quran to refer to Christians and Jews. The practice of collecting jizya has ceased in the majority of countries that once followed this practice.