What type of chip allows the user only to read or retrieve programs and data written on it and is considered non-volatile?

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he type of chip that allows the user only to read or retrieve programs and data written on it and is considered non-volatile is called Read-Only Memory, commonly abbreviated as ROM. ROM chips are pre-programmed with data or software by the manufacturer and cannot be modified or erased by the user. Since the contents are written during the manufacturing process, the data stored on ROM chips is permanent and does not disappear even when the power is turned off, making it non-volatile.

Extra: ROM is an essential component in all computing devices; it typically contains the firmware or system software which is necessary for booting up the system. There are different types of ROM, such as:

1. Mask ROM

2. PROM

3. EPROM

4. EEPROM

5. Flash Memory