what is the name of the formal procedure scientists use to study the world around them?

The formal procedure scientists use to study the world around them is known as the "scientific method." The scientific method is a systematic, logical approach that scientists follow to investigate natural phenomena, acquire new knowledge, or refine existing understanding. It typically involves the following steps:

1. Observation: Scientists observe a phenomenon or ask a question about the natural world.
2. Research: They conduct background research to gather information related to the observed phenomenon.
3. Hypothesis: Based on the observation and research, scientists formulate a testable hypothesis—a proposed explanation for the observed phenomenon.
4. Experimentation: Scientists design and conduct experiments to test the hypothesis. This involves collecting data through controlled and repeatable experiments.
5. Analysis: They analyze the collected data to draw conclusions and determine whether the data supports or rejects the hypothesis.
6. Conclusion: Scientists draw conclusions based on the analysis and may revise their hypothesis or propose new questions for further study.
7. Communication: The results of the study are communicated through scientific papers, presentations, or other means to the scientific community for peer review and to the broader public.

The scientific method is a dynamic and iterative process, meaning that scientists may repeat steps or refine their approach based on new information or insights gained during the investigation. This systematic approach helps ensure that scientific inquiry is objective, transparent, and subject to scrutiny by the broader scientific community.