What contribution did Voltaire make to Enlightenment thought?

Voltaire, a French philosopher and writer, made substantial contributions to Enlightenment thought, which championed reason, individualism, and a skepticism of traditional institutions, authority, and dogma. One of his major contributions was his advocacy for freedom of speech and expression; he is famous for the quote, "I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it." This illustrates his defense of civil liberties and opposition to censorship.

Voltaire also contributed to Enlightenment thought through his criticism of organized religion. He believed in a deistic God but was strongly against the corruption and authoritarianism he perceived within religious organizations of his time. His criticisms were aimed at promoting a separation between church and state and encouraging religious tolerance.

Moreover, Voltaire championed the use of reason and was a proponent of the empirical scientific method. He admired the works of Isaac Newton and John Locke and sought to apply rational thought to address social issues and injustices. Through his numerous writings, including plays, essays, and historical works, he examined and critiqued the society of his day, promoting a philosophy of progress and enlightenment.