Most messages sent between Web services are coded in XML._____ are programming hooks or guidelines, published by organizations tell how other programs can get a service to perform a task, such as send or receive data.

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 The programming hooks or guidelines you're referring to are called APIs, which stands for Application Programming Interfaces. In the context of web services, an API is a set of rules that defines how different software applications can interact with each other to perform various tasks, such as sending or receiving data. With Web services, these APIs often describe the methods available to be called, the request and response formats, and the communication protocols to be used, which is typically HTTP/HTTPS when dealing with web services. When these interactions involve exchanging structured data, XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a common format used to encode that data.

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