If 30.0 mL of a 12.0 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) stock solution is diluted to 500.0 mL, what is the molarity of the diluted solution?

To calculate the molarity of the diluted solution, we can use the dilution equation which relates the concentration (molarity) and volume before and after dilution:

M1 * V1 = M2 * V2 where: - M1 is the molarity of the initial concentrated solution. - V1 is the volume of the initial concentrated solution. - M2 is the molarity of the final diluted solution. - V2 is the volume of the final diluted solution.

Given that: M1 = 12.0 M (molarity of the stock solution) V1 = 30.0 mL (volume of the stock solution used for dilution) V2 = 500.0 mL (final volume after dilution)

We need to find M2, the molarity of the diluted solution.

First, we need to ensure that all volumes are in the same unit. In this scenario, both volumes are already in milliliters (mL), so we can use them directly.

Using the dilution formula:

12.0 M * 30.0 mL = M2 * 500.0 mL

Now we can solve for M2:

M2 = (12.0 M * 30.0 mL) / 500.0 mL

M2 = 360.0 M*mL / 500.0 mL

M2 = 0.720 M

So, the molarity of the diluted solution is 0.720 M.