hypertension and reason​

Hypertension is a common cardiovascular condition which involves the increased force or pressure of blood against the arterial walls. Blood pressure can be determined by the systolic pressure (pressure during heart beats) and diastolic pressure (pressure in between heart beats). There are two types of hypertension, essential hypertension and secondary hypertension. Around 90-95% of all cases accounts for essential hypertension. Essential hypertension is common in adults wherein there is no identifiable cause, while secondary hypertension may be due to renal, endocrine, cardiovascular and neurologic causes. The reasons wherein hypertension could occur can be due to many different risk factors. First, it may be due to genetic factors. Hypertension is hereditary and may be passed on within a family. It may also be due to insufficient renal sodium excretion. The elevation of solutes due to the accumulation of sodium leads to increased osmotic pressure in the lumen of the blood vessels. This further leads water accumulating in the lumen which leads to increased hydrostatic pressure, which therefore leads to hypertension. Increased peripheral vascular resistance and vasoconstrictive influences which changes the structure of blood vessel walls which leads to hypertension. Some environmental factors are also risk factors in hypertension such as smoking, stress, obesity and food intake.