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Kenya's independence movement was fairly organized, featuring a range of strategies from peaceful negotiations to armed resistance. One of the most notable groups involved in the push for Kenyan independence was the Kenya African Union (KAU), which was formed to bring together Africans in the struggle for independence. The most significant and organized wing of Kenya's independence movement was the Mau Mau rebellion, which was mainly a Kikuyu-led resistance group that engaged in guerrilla warfare against the British colonial government from 1952 to 1960.
The Mau Mau movement, though often depicted as spontaneous and disorganized, actually had a significant level of organization. It comprised a secret society that swore oaths and followed a command structure. Despite political fragmentation and ethnic divisions within Kenya, the Mau Mau rebels managed to sustain a prolonged uprising that led to a state of emergency being declared by the British and eventually contributed to the negotiations for independence.
The culmination of the independence struggle was largely characterized by political negotiations and non-violent advocacy with the leadership of figures like Jomo Kenyatta, who became Kenya's first prime minister and then its first president after independence was achieved in 1963. The movement achieved its goal through a combination of organized armed struggle and political negotiations, which ushered in the end of British colonial rule.