How is pioneer species In ecological succession identified

Biology · High School · Wed Jan 13 2021

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Answer: Simple entities which could withstand extreme environmental conditions were first established. Often, the first entities to appear in the regions of the primary succession are lichens or mosses and are referred to as pioneer species as they are the first species found. Like human pioneers, the pioneer species are required to be strong and hard. Some of the places where primary succession takes place are the newly exposed rock regions, lava flows and sand dunes. A class of algae – cyanobacteria/blue-green algae and only plants are taken into account as photo-auto-lithotrophs. 

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