Discovered the three laws of motion.

Sir Isaac Newton, an English physicist and mathematician, is the scientist who discovered the three laws of motion. These laws provide the foundation for classical mechanics and describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it. Newton published these laws in his seminal work, "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" (commonly known as the "Principia"), in 1687.

The three laws of motion are:

1. Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia): An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

2. Newton's Second Law of Motion: The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. The law is usually summarized by the equation F = ma, where F is the net force applied, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration produced.

3. Newton's Third Law of Motion: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means that for every force exerted by one object on a second object, the second object exerts a force of equal magnitude but in the opposite direction on the first object.