Anthropologists who study the ways of living peoples are called: A : Zoologists B : Ethnologists C : Biologists D : Botanists

B: Ethnologists

Ethnologists are anthropologists who focus on the study of living cultures and societies. They observe and analyze the customs, relationships, and behavioral patterns of different groups of people. This branch of anthropology provides a detailed and comparative look at how humans live and interact in various parts of the world, both in the present and in recent history.

Extra: Anthropology is the broad study of humans and human societies throughout time. It's divided into several sub-disciplines with different focus areas:

1. Cultural Anthropology - Focuses on the cultural aspects of human societies worldwide. Ethnology falls under this category.

2. Physical or Biological Anthropology - Examines the biological and behavioral aspects of humans, including their evolutionary history and physical adaptation to environments.

3. Archaeology - Studies past human societies through material remains to understand their culture, social structures, and historical development.

4. Linguistic Anthropology - Concentrates on language, its development, and its role in social life.

Zoologists study animals, biologists focus on life and living organisms as a whole (including plants, animals, and microbes), and botanists specialize in the study of plants. These are all distinct from ethnology, which is specifically concerned with human cultural phenomena.