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Answer: C) a specific lien.
Extra: A mechanic's lien is a security interest in the title of a property for the benefit of those who have supplied labor or materials that improve the property. The term "mechanic" refers to construction and trade professionals, not just mechanics in the automotive sense. This type of lien is considered "specific" because it attaches to a particular property rather than to the debtor's assets as a whole. A mechanic's lien ensures that the contractor, subcontractor, laborer, or materials supplier is paid for the work performed or materials provided.
In contrast, a general lien applies to all the property owned by the debtor, rather than a specific piece of property. Examples of general liens include tax liens or judgments that can affect all of the debtor's assets.
A voluntary lien is a lien that the property owner agrees to, such as a mortgage, where the lien is part of the conditions in a loan contract.
An equitable lien is typically imposed by a court based on principles of fairness, such as when the court determines that one party is entitled to receive some value from the property of another party, despite there being no contract or existing law specifically providing for such a lien.
In the case of the mechanic's lien, the law allows those who have improved a property to file a lien to ensure they are paid. These laws vary by jurisdiction but generally require the lien to be filed in a timely manner and often require that the property owner be given notice of the outstanding debt. The lien remains attached to the property and must be satisfied (paid) when the property is sold.