Why were Americans outraged over the XYZ Affair?

The XYZ Affair was a diplomatic incident that took place between the United States and France in the late 18th century (1797–1798). Americans were outraged over the XYZ Affair for several reasons:

1. French Interference: The French government, angered by the United States' refusal to support France in its conflict with Britain, began seizing American merchant ships trading with Britain. This interference with American shipping was seen as a violation of U.S. neutrality.
2. Diplomatic Insults: To address the issue, President John Adams sent American envoys to negotiate with the French government. However, when they arrived in France, they were approached by French agents (referred to as X, Y, and Z in diplomatic correspondence) who demanded bribes before any negotiations could take place. This was seen as a diplomatic insult to the United States.
3. Public Outcry: When news of the XYZ Affair reached the United States, there was widespread public outrage. Americans felt insulted and humiliated by the demands for bribes, and anti-French sentiment grew.
4. Quasi-War with France: The XYZ Affair contributed to the escalation of tensions between the United States and France. In response to the perceived French aggression, the U.S. Congress authorized military preparations and naval hostilities against France, leading to an undeclared naval conflict known as the Quasi-War.

The XYZ Affair played a significant role in shaping U.S. foreign policy and relations with France during this period. It contributed to a more assertive and nationalistic stance in American diplomacy.