Why did lyndon johnson’s support for the civil rights act of 1964 surprise many americans?

Lyndon B. Johnson's support for the Civil Rights Act of 1964 surprised many Americans primarily because of his Southern background and political history. Johnson was a Texan and had a long career in politics, including serving as a U.S. Senator from Texas and as the Vice President under President John F. Kennedy.

Here are some reasons why Johnson's support for the Civil Rights Act was unexpected:

1. Southern Background: Johnson hailed from the southern United States, where segregation and racial discrimination were deeply ingrained in the social and political fabric. Many politicians from the South were known for opposing civil rights legislation.
2. Political Calculations: Johnson was a skilled politician known for his ability to navigate complex political landscapes. His support for civil rights was seen by some as a strategic move to appeal to a broader national audience, as the civil rights movement gained momentum and garnered widespread attention.
3. Previous Record: Before becoming President, Johnson had a mixed record on civil rights issues. While he had supported some civil rights measures earlier in his career, he had also been cautious not to alienate Southern Democrats. His sudden advocacy for a comprehensive civil rights bill surprised those who were familiar with his political history.
4. Successor to Kennedy: Johnson assumed the presidency following the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in 1963. Kennedy had proposed the Civil Rights Act, but it faced significant opposition in Congress. Johnson took up the cause and used his political skills to push the legislation through Congress, ultimately signing it into law in 1964.

In a speech to Congress on June 4, 1965, Johnson stated, "We shall overcome," expressing his commitment to the civil rights cause. While Johnson's motivations may have included political calculations and a desire to secure his place in history, his support for the Civil Rights Act of 1964 marked a turning point in U.S. civil rights legislation and had a profound impact on the struggle for racial equality.