Which presidential action best illustrates the increasing power of the president in the 20th century?

One of the most illustrative actions that shows the increasing power of the president in the 20th century is the use of executive orders. A prime example of this is Franklin D. Roosevelt's Executive Order 9066, which led to the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. This action, taken without congressional approval, demonstrated the significant authority that the president could wield unilaterally, especially in times of national crisis. The expansive use of executive orders and other executive actions throughout the 20th century reflects a trend wherein presidents have increasingly taken individual action, sometimes bypassing Congress, to effect policy change.

The power of the U.S. president has certainly grown since the early days of the republic. In the 20th century, this can be seen in several areas:

1. Foreign Policy: Presidents have often asserted their role as the chief diplomat and commander-in-chief to make important foreign policy decisions without the immediate approval of Congress. For instance, the sending of military troops and the negotiation of executive agreements with other nations are often conducted under the president's authority.

2. Executive Orders: These are directives issued by the president that have the force of law without needing to go through the legislative process. While they cannot contradict existing law, they can have a significant impact on how laws are enforced and on government policies in general.

3. Expansion of the Executive Branch: Over the 20th century, the executive branch has significantly expanded, with the creation of numerous agencies, commissions, and staff that report directly to the president, increasing the capacity for presidents to enact policy and control various aspects of government without direct congressional oversight.

4. Increased Media Presence: With the rise of mass communication, presidents have been able to speak directly to the American people, thereby influencing public opinion to support their policies and initiatives. This has become an important element of presidential power.

These developments have been controversial, and discussions continue regarding the balance of power between the president, Congress, and the courts in the American political system.