When Europeans first came to the new world they would typically sail south and west to Canary Islands, then west to get to the West Indies. On their return they would go north past the Leeward Islands and Canadian Maritime provinces before turning east towards Europe? Why did they choose this circular route?

The circular route taken by European explorers during the Age of Exploration, particularly when traveling to and from the New World, was influenced by several factors:

1. Winds and Currents: The prevailing wind patterns and ocean currents in the Atlantic Ocean favored a circular route known as the "Westerlies." By sailing south and west towards the Canary Islands first, explorers could catch the consistent northeastern trade winds that facilitated their westward journey across the Atlantic. Returning to Europe, they would take advantage of the westerly winds and the North Atlantic Current to travel east.
2. Navigation Techniques: Early European sailors heavily relied on known landmarks, prevailing winds and ocean currents for navigation. The circular route provided a more predictable and safer path, allowing them to navigate using established wind patterns and known islands.
3. Optimal Sailing Conditions: The circular route allowed for more favorable sailing conditions, reducing the risks of encountering adverse weather patterns or unpredictable winds. It also provided opportunities for resupplying and restocking provisions at various points along the way.
4. Trade Routes and Colonization: This route allowed for the establishment of strategic trade routes and colonies in the Caribbean, Central, South America and North America. Explorers and colonizers could gradually expand their presence, trade networks and territorial claims.

Overall, the circular route was a practical and efficient method for early European explorers and traders to navigate the Atlantic Ocean, taking advantage of prevailing winds, ocean currents, and established landmarks while facilitating trade, colonization, and exploration of the New World.