What are the three geographical regions of Oceania, and what is the biggest problem they face today?

The three geographical regions of Oceania are:

1. Melanesia: This region includes countries and territories like Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and New Caledonia. Melanesia is characterized by its dark-skinned population and lies northeast of Australia.

2. Micronesia: This region consists of smaller islands and atolls scattered across the western Pacific Ocean. Countries and territories such as Palau, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, and the Northern Mariana Islands are part of Micronesia.

3. Polynesia: Encompassing a large area of the central and southern Pacific Ocean, Polynesia includes islands like Samoa, Tonga, Tuvalu, and the nations within the Polynesian Triangle—Hawaii, Easter Island, and New Zealand (though often New Zealand is treated separately due to its large non-Polynesian population and different issues faced).

• The biggest problem these regions face today is the impact of climate change. Rising sea levels and the increased frequency of extreme weather events are significant threats to the low-lying islands of Oceania, particularly in Micronesia and Polynesia. These changes pose risks to fresh water supplies, agriculture, housing, and infrastructure and can ultimately lead to displacement of communities and loss of cultural heritage.