The registered nurse is instructing a new nursing graduate about hemodialysis. Which statement by the new graduate indicates an understanding of the procedure? Select all that apply. 1. "Sterile dialysate must be used." 2. "Heparin sodium is administered during dialysis." 3. "Dialysis cleanses the blood of accumulated waste products." 4. "Warming the dialysate increases the efficiency of diffusion."

Among the statements provided:

1. "Sterile dialysate must be used." - This statement is accurate. Sterile dialysate is essential in hemodialysis to ensure that the fluid used to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood is free from contaminants that could further compromise the patient's health.
2. "Heparin sodium is administered during dialysis." - This statement is commonly true. Heparin, or a similar anticoagulant, is often administered during hemodialysis to prevent blood clotting within the dialysis machine and the associated tubing. This helps maintain the blood's ability to flow smoothly throughout the procedure.
3. "Dialysis cleanses the blood of accumulated waste products." - This statement is accurate. Hemodialysis is a procedure used to remove waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood, essentially performing the kidney's function for individuals with kidney failure.
4. "Warming the dialysate increases the efficiency of diffusion." - This statement is also correct. Warming the dialysate can enhance the efficiency of the diffusion process during hemodialysis. Increased temperature facilitates faster movement of waste products from the blood to the dialysate, aiding in the removal of toxins more effectively.

Therefore, statements 1, 2, 3, and 4 indicate an understanding of the hemodialysis procedure by the new graduate nurse.