The first model of the atom was developed through what?

The first model of the atom, known as the "plum pudding" model, was developed by J.J. Thomson in 1904. This model was proposed based on Thomson's experiments with cathode rays. Thomson discovered that cathode rays (streams of electrons) were negatively charged particles present in atoms.

In Thomson's plum pudding model, he envisioned the atom as a positively charged sphere with negatively charged electrons embedded in it, much like plums in a Christmas pudding. This model was a departure from the earlier notion of the atom as an indivisible and uniform solid particle. Thomson's work laid the foundation for our modern understanding of atomic structure, leading to further developments in atomic theory, including the discovery of the atomic nucleus by Ernest Rutherford and the development of the modern atomic model by Niels Bohr.