Let's revise the text for clarity, eliminate unnecessary words, and correct grammar: "Suppose Clay, a grocery store owner, monitors the rate at which customers enter his store. After observing customer arrivals for several weeks, he determines that the time between customer entries follows an exponential distribution with a mean of 25 minutes. To find the 70th percentile for the time between customer entries in Clay's store, we can use the formula for the exponential distribution. Round your answer to the nearest two decimal places."

Mathematics · College · Thu Feb 04 2021

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To calculate the 70th percentile for the time between customer entries in Clay's store, which follows an exponential distribution, you can use the following formula that links percentiles and the exponential distribution:

\( P = \frac{-\ln(1 - q)}{\lambda} \)

Where: - \( P \) is the percentile time we wish to find. - \( \ln \) is the natural logarithm. - \( q \) is the percentile in decimal form (in this case, the 70th percentile is 0.70). - \( \lambda \) is the rate parameter of the exponential distribution, which is the inverse of the mean (\( \lambda = \frac{1}{\text{mean}} \)).

Since Clay has determined the mean time between customer entries to be 25 minutes, the rate parameter \( \lambda \) is \( \frac{1}{25} \) per minute.

Now let's calculate the 70th percentile (P):

\( P = \frac{-\ln(1 - 0.70)}{\frac{1}{25}} \) \( P = \frac{-\ln(0.30)}{\frac{1}{25}} \) \( P = \frac{-(-1.20397)}{\frac{1}{25}} \) (calculating the natural logarithm of 0.30) \( P = \frac{1.20397}{\frac{1}{25}} \) \( P = 1.20397 \times 25 \) \( P = 30.09925 \) minutes

Rounded to the nearest two decimal places, the 70th percentile for the time between customer entries is approximately 30.10 minutes.

Extra: The exponential distribution is commonly used to model the time between independent events that happen at a constant average rate. It's a continuous probability distribution that describes the time for a Poisson process, which is the process in which events occur continuously and independently at a constant average rate.

In the context of a grocery store like Clay's, using the exponential distribution makes sense for modeling customer arrivals because customers can walk in at any time independently of each other, and there is a certain average rate at which this happens.

The mean of the distribution is the average time between events (in this case, customer entries). The rate parameter \( \lambda \) is simply the reciprocal of this mean. It gives the rate at which events occur. The formula used to find the percentile is a way to translate percentile ranks into actual times. For example, the 70th percentile is the time by which 70% of the inter-arrival times will be less.

Remember that distributions like the exponential distribution are models, and while they can provide useful estimates, they won’t capture every nuance of real-life scenarios. Nonetheless, they are valuable tools for making business-related forecasts and decisions, such as staffing requirements based on customer flow predictions.

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