If cancer runs in your family, what will your doctor likely do?
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If cancer runs in your family, your doctor will likely take a thorough medical history to assess your risk of developing cancer. This process will typically include the following steps:
1. Family Medical History: The doctor will document the types of cancer that have occurred in your family, who was affected (and their relation to you), at what age they were diagnosed, and if possible, additional details such as the stage of cancer and treatment outcomes.
2. Genetic Counseling: If there is a pattern or multiple cases of cancer in your family that suggests the possibility of a hereditary cancer syndrome, your doctor may refer you to a genetic counselor. Genetic counselors can provide more detailed risk assessment and discuss the pros and cons of genetic testing.
3. Genetic Testing: If indicated, genetic testing can be done to look for specific inherited mutations in genes that increase the risk of certain cancers. Tests often focus on genes associated with higher cancer risks, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 for breast and ovarian cancers.
4. Personalized Screening Plan: Based on your family history and any genetic test results, your doctor may recommend a personalized cancer screening plan. This could mean starting screenings at a younger age or having screenings more frequently than the general population.
5. Lifestyle Advice: Your doctor may also provide advice on lifestyle modifications that could reduce your risk of developing cancer, such as quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and eating a balanced diet.
6. Surveillance: For some high-risk individuals, doctors may suggest more intensive surveillance or medical measures, such as prophylactic surgeries, to prevent cancer.