Identify the type of natural selection described in each case below: 1. Results in the evolution of the species. 2. Leads to the formation of new species. 3. Favors traits at both extremes. 4. Does not increase diversity; one extreme trait is favored. 5. Diversity decreases.6. Diversity increases.

Here are the types of natural selection corresponding to each case:

1. Results in the evolution of the species: Directional selection - It's a mode of natural selection where one extreme phenotype is favored, leading to changes in the characteristics of a population over time.
2. Leads to the formation of new species: Speciation often involves a combination of various evolutionary processes, including allopatric or sympatric speciation, genetic drift, and adaptations. Natural selection plays a role in shaping the traits of new species, but it's not the sole factor in the formation of new species.
3. Favors traits at both extremes: Disruptive selection - This type of natural selection favors the extreme phenotypes over the intermediate phenotype.
4. Does not increase diversity; one extreme trait is favored: Stabilizing selection - This type of selection favors the intermediate phenotype and reduces the diversity by selecting against extreme phenotypes.
5. Diversity decreases: Stabilizing selection or Directional selection - Stabilizing selection narrows the range of traits, reducing diversity. Directional selection can also decrease diversity if it consistently favors one extreme trait over others.
6. Diversity increases: Diversifying or Disruptive selection - Diversifying selection (also known as Disruptive selection) promotes the diversity of phenotypes by favoring both extreme phenotypes, resulting in the elimination of the intermediate phenotype and enhancing diversity within a population.