How can stiff and tight muscles result in back pain?

Stiff and tight muscles in the back can lead to back pain through various mechanisms. When muscles are stiff and tight, they are less flexible and cannot properly support the spine or maintain proper posture. Here are the steps that describe how this can lead to back pain:

1. Limited Flexibility: Stiff muscles have a reduced range of motion. This limitation can put abnormal stress on the spine and surrounding structures because the muscles cannot stretch or move as they should.

2. Poor Posture: Tight muscles, especially in the lower back, hips, and hamstrings, can pull the spine out of alignment, leading to poor posture. Poor posture, in turn, places additional strain on the back muscles and spinal discs, which can cause discomfort and pain.

3. Muscle Fatigue: When muscles are constantly tight, they can become overworked and fatigued. Over time, the lack of proper relaxation and recovery for these muscles can increase the likelihood of strain and pain.

4. Trigger Points: Tight muscles can develop tender knots known as trigger points. These can be sensitive to touch and can refer pain to other parts of the body, including the back.

5. Compensation: If certain muscles are tight, other muscle groups might have to compensate for their lack of movement. This compensation can create imbalances in muscle strength and may lead to muscle strain and pain elsewhere, including the back.