By 1930, what new convenience was present in two-thirds of American homes?

By 1930, electricity had become the new convenience present in two-thirds of American homes. This was a significant change from earlier decades, where homes relied on gas or candlelight for illumination and had to use iceboxes for refrigeration and washboards for washing clothes. The widespread use of electricity led to the adoption of many modern appliances such as electric lighting, refrigerators, and washing machines which greatly improved the convenience and quality of life for many Americans.

The electrification of American homes was part of a broader trend known as the "Second Industrial Revolution," which occurred from the late 19th century into the early 20th century. This period was characterized by rapid industrialization and technological innovation, leading to massive changes in society and the economy. The adoption of electricity in homes revolutionized everyday life by making it easier to perform household tasks, improving safety by reducing the need for open flames in lighting, and extending productive hours with lighting after dark. In addition to electrification, this era also saw the mass production of consumer goods, the expansion of transportation networks like roads and automobiles, and the development of new forms of communication, such as the telephone and radio. These developments collectively transformed the American landscape, ushering in a new age of progress and convenience.