2. Which principle helps to explain the reason behind why alleles for a single trait separate from each other when gametes are made to ensure that each gamete only carries one allele? A. Independent assortment B. Incomplete dominance C. Segregation D. Dominance
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C. Segregation
The principle of segregation explains why alleles for a single trait separate from each other during the formation of gametes. This is one of the fundamental principles of genetics discovered by Gregor Mendel through his pea plant experiments. According to Mendel's Principle of Segregation, for any particular trait, the pair of alleles from each parent separate and only one allele passes from each parent to an offspring. Which allele in a pair gets passed on is determined randomly. This ensures that each gamete (sperm or egg) carries only one allele for each trait.